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Lucius D. Clay Kaserne (formerly Wiesbaden Army Airfield or WAAF) is a US military complex located southeast of the city of Wiesbaden, Hesse, Germany. It was selected to be the headquarters of the United States Army Europe after the closure of Heidelberg, Germany, United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE) on 28 September 1945, in large part due to its proximity to Frankfurt am Main, where the U.S. Seventh Army was headquartered. It currently hosts the headquarters of US Army Europe, 66th Military Intelligence Brigade〔 〕 and 5th Signal Command.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】 5th Signal Command, History ) 〕 ==History== The land on which the airfield stands was originally the Wiesbaden track for horse races built in 1910. In 1929 it was converted into an airfield and in 1936 the German ''Luftwaffe'' took over the base. One unit stationed there was ''Jagdgruppe'' 50, a fighter group of Messerschmitt Bf 109s. On 17 August 1943 the unit intercepted American bombers taking part in the ill-fated Regensburg Strike targeting the Messerschmitt factory in Regensburg and the ball bearing plants in Schweinfurt. Alfred Grislawski, a German ''Luftwaffe'' fighter ace,〔Fellgiebel〕 took part in that mission.〔Sky Battles, Sky Warriors, by Alfred Price, ISBN 1860198457〕 The airfield was captured when the U.S. 80th Infantry Division took Wiesbaden on 28 March 1945.〔The Last Offensive by Charles B. MacDonald, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 71-183070〕 Subsequently the U.S. Army Air Force gave the base the temporary designation Y-80 and used it for its operations in Germany. USAAF/USAFE units assigned to Wiesbaden AB or Lindsey Air Station include: * 363d Reconnaissance Group May – August 1945 * 51st Troop Carrier Group September 1945 – August 1948 * 317th Troop Carrier Group 30 September – 15 December 1948 * 7150th Air Force Composite Wing 15 December 1948– 1 October 1949 * 60th Troop Carrier Wing 1 October 1949 – 2 June 1951 * 18th Weather Squadron Headquarters 1949 – 1957 * 7110th Support Wing 2 June 1951 – 1 December 1957 * 7030th Support Wing 1 December 1957 – 15 November 1959 * 7100th Support Wing 15 November 1959 – 15 April 1985 * 7100th Air Base Group 15 April 1985 – 1 June 1993 * 1602d Air Transport Wing, 1 Jun 1948-30 May 1964 (Military Air Transport Service) Beginning in September, 1945, the European Air Transport Service operated passenger and cargo service from Wiesbaden daily to London, Munich, Bremen, Vienna and Berlin. From Berlin an EATS plane made weekly flights to Warsaw, Poland. Flights originated from Vienna for Bucharest, Belgrade, Sofia and Budapest. In the Mediterranean area EATS flights connected Udine, Pisa, Rome and Naples. EATS originally was composed of left-over wartime troop carrier squadrons, glider and fighter pilots, B-17 crewmen and other available personnel. In addition to regular flights which service the Army of Occupation, EATS also operated special flights such as providing transportation for diplomatic officials, evacuating sick or wounded, performing mercy flights, aiding the Graves Registration Service in returning the remains of American soldiers and rushing supplies to needy areas. In 1948 the facility served as a hub supporting the Berlin Airlift with around-the-clock flights from Wiesbaden to Tempelhof Airport. Airmen from Wiesbaden distinguished themselves in support of "Operation Vittles". C-47s and C-54 "Skymasters" of the 60th Troop Carrier Group flew missions daily from Wiesbaden to Tempelhof in the beleaguered city of Berlin. During one day's operations more than 80 tons of food and supplies were airlifted from Wiesbaden. The streets on Wiesbaden Air Base were named after servicemen who gave their lives during the Berlin Airlift. On 4 July 1956 a U-2A stationed in Wiesbaden flew over both Moscow and Leningrad as part of Operation Overflight, missions to spy on Soviet military bases. This was the first flight by a U-2 over the USSR. It was flown by USAF pilot Hervey Stockman,〔http://roadrunnersinternationale.com/stockman.html〕 and the aircraft is now in the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.〔https://www.cia.gov/news-information/featured-story-archive/2010-featured-story-archive/agency-u-2-pilots-hervey-stockman.html〕 In 1973 HQ USAFE was relocated to Ramstein Air Base near Kaiserslautern. The Air Force moved most personnel out of Wiesbaden in 1975 as part of Operation Creek Swap, in which most Army facilities in Kaiserslautern were turned over to the Air Force, in exchange for the facilities at Wiesbaden. The 4th Brigade, 4th Infantry Division, was stationed at Wiesbaden in 1976 as part of "Brigade 76" until it was replaced by the 3rd Corps Support Command and 12th Aviation Brigade in the mid-1980s. Strategically, in the mid-1980s, the base facilitated flights of the F-117 "Stealth Fighter." Although not officially acknowledged by the U.S. Air Force until 1988, the F-117 became operational in 1983. The Wiesbaden airbase would "go dark", turning off all airfield and perimeter lights, whenever "stealth" flights were landing or taking off. From 1975 to 1993 Wiesbaden was a joint Army/Air Force community with a service-wide reputation for excellence that was enhanced by the strong bonds that developed between these organizations. In 1993, Wiesbaden Air Base was officially renamed Wiesbaden Army Air Field. Until summer 2011, Wiesbaden AAF was home to the headquarters of 1st Armored Division and a number of subordinate units. As American forces draw down in Europe, current plans call for Wiesbaden to remain one of six geographic hubs for U.S. forces in Europe.〔http://stripes.com/article.asp?section=104&article=40767&archive=true〕 After the closure of US facilities in Frankfurt, Germany, the headquarters of American Forces Network (AFN) was moved to Mannheim. AFN opened a small regional studio, AFN Hessen, on Wiesbaden AAF to serve the American troops in and around Wiesbaden. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lucius D. Clay Kaserne」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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